Firewood heat by species

Heat is bought by species, not by the truckload. The table is in millions of BTU per cord and is carried as a range, because moisture content moves the real figure more than the species does — a green oak split will disappoint you regardless of what the table says.

Why these are ranges, not numbers

Published BTU-per-cord figures come from wood at a stated moisture content, and real firewood is never exactly at it. Density varies within a species, splits vary in how tightly they stack, and a cord of large rounds holds less wood than a cord of neat splits. A range is the honest form; a single decimal place would be a false precision.

Sound

The practical hierarchy is stable even if the exact numbers are not: hickory and oak at the top, maple and ash in the strong middle, poplar and pine at the bottom. Buy on that ordering and on price per cord, not on a decimal.

Seasoning is the variable you control

Ash is famously the quickest — its green moisture content is low, so it is usable within a season. Oak is the opposite and genuinely wants two summers. Split it, stack it off the ground with air on the sides, and cover only the top; a fully wrapped stack traps moisture rather than shedding it.

Burning underseasoned wood costs you twice: the heat that goes into evaporating water, and the creosote that condenses in the flue.

Turn heat into a purchase

Set the cord count above and the third column gives your total heat for each species, which is the comparison that actually decides a purchase. Then check what you are being sold is a real cord in the cord calculator.

Watch

Buy local. Firewood is how oak wilt and emerald ash borer move between counties — the mechanisms are in oak wilt and emerald ash borer.

Sources